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Transmigration into Maluku

Placement of General Transmigrants during the first to sixth year development (FYD) period in the province of Moluccas

Year - FYD Apr.1-Mar.31

Number of:

Maluku Tenggara

Maluku Tengah

Maluku Utara / Ternate

Halmahera Tengah

Total

South

Central

North

North

I

Households

-

607

-

-

607

1969-1974

People

-

2,592

-

-

2,592

II

Households

-

200

-

-

200

1974-1979

People

-

595

-

-

595

III

Households

-

5,426

600

1,700

7,726

1979-1984

People

-

22,697

2,628

7,391

32,716

IV

Households

-

2,249

425

840

3,514

1984-1989

People

-

8,948

1,462

3,298

13,708

V

Households

212

1,875

1,681

1,886

5,654

1989-1994

People

830

7,456

6,237

7,384

21,907

VI

Households

-

4,064

2,398

1,156

7,618

1994-1999

People

-

13,854

8,060

3,990

25,904

Total Households

212

14,421

5,104

5,582

25,319

Total People

830

56,142

18,387

22,063

97,422

Source: Regional Office of the Ministry of Transmigration and Forest Settlers Province of Moluccas

N.B. - Presumably, but not established by this research, the majority of transmigrants came from Buton and Java and were Muslim people, none the less it must be pointed out that there was transmigration within Maluku, primarily Christian people. A case in point is the transmigration of an estimated 2,000 Christian people from Ambon to north and central Buru island. They were the object of attacks at the end of 1999, as was a Hindu community of some 400 people.

There was unofficial transmigration into Maluku - not part of the government sponsored transmigration programme. Estimates range from 50,000 to 200,00 people. No substantiated estimate can be made regarding this.

"From 1950 to 1994, the transmigration programme moved more than 6.4 million people from heavily populated islands like Java, Bali and Madura to less populated islands like Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Irian Jaya" - W. Courtland Robinson, "Development-induced displacement: causes, consequences and concerns for the international community", paper prepared for The Brookings-CUNY Project on Internal Displacement, 2002

 

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Last modified: 31/05/08