Thai / Cambodia Border Refugee Camps 1975-1999Information and Documentation Website |
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Khao I Dang / Site II / 2 / Site B / Site 8 / Sok San / Site K / O'Trao |
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| ANS | Armée Nationale Sihanoukiste, or Sihanouk National Army: Umbrella organization of the military forces, including MOULINAKA loyal to Sihanouk, founded in June 1981 as armed wing of FUNCINPEC * |
| Aran / Aranyaprathet | Thai town on the border with Cambodia, opposite Poipet. Center of relief operations. |
| ARC | American Refugee Committee, NGO active in medical care in Site II. |
| BDLP | Buddhist Liberal Democratic Party. Post repatriation, lead by Son Sann. |
| CAMA | Christian and Missionary Alliance Services, providing medical services in Site 8. |
| CARERE | Cambodian Resettlement and Reintegration, a unit of UNDP setup in 1992 to assist returnees from the Thai border camps. |
| CCSDPT | Committee for the Coordination of Services for Displaced Persons in Thailand. NGO forum and liaison body for dealings with the Thai authorities. Members consisted of Thai government officials and NGO representatives. This group dealt with Cambodian, Lao and Burmese border issues relating to displaced persons. Founded Sept. 19, 1977. |
| CGDK | Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea -
1985?
June 22 1982? In Kuala Lumpur, principals of three resistance factions sign an agreement to create the Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea with Prince Sihanouk (FUNCINPEC) as President, Khieu Samphan (DK) as Vice-President and Foreign Minister, and Son Sann (KPNLF) as Prime Minister. |
| CIVPOL | UNTAC - Civilian Police |
| Cham | Muslim Khmer |
| CNUP | Cambodian National Unity Party - KR - setup in November 1992. |
| COERR | Catholic Office for Emergency and Refugee Relief. |
| Concern | Irish NGO - Site II. |
| COR | Christian Outreach - providing medical, dental and engineering services at Khao I Dang camp along with medical services at the Site 2 refugee camp. |
| CPAF | Cambodian People’s Armed Forces (SOC). |
| CPNLAF | Cambodian People's National Liberation Armed Forces. New name given to the RAK in the early 1970s. |
| CPP | Cambodian People's Party - Phnom Penh government installed by Vietnamese. |
| CPR | Coalition for Peace and Reconciliation. |
| CRS | Catholic Relief Services. |
| CPT | Communist Party of Thailand. |
| DK | Democratic Kampuchea - Khmer Rouge. |
| DNUM | Democratic National United Movement, established by Ieng Sary in 1995 (after his defection). |
| DPPU | Displaced Persons Protection Unit. Thai security force responsible for administering all border camps. |
| ESL | English as a Second Language. |
| FANK | Forces Armées Nationales Khmères, or Khmer National Armed Forces. Military component of Lon Nol's Khmer Republic (formerly FARK). * |
| FARK |
Forces Armées Royales Khmères, or Royal Khmer Armed Forces. Armed forces in the newly independent Cambodia in 1953, replaced by FANK. * |
| FUNCINPEC | Front Uni National pour un Cambodge Indépendant, Neutre, Pacifique, et Coopératif, or National United Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful, and Cooperative Cambodia. Sihanouk's main political organization, formed in March 1981. * |
| FUNK | Front Uni National du Kampuchéa, or National United Front of Kampuchea. Established by Sihanouk in Beijing in 1970, shortly after the Lon Nol coup ousted him from power; a political and military coalition committed to destroying the Lon Nol regime. * |
| GNUP | Great National Union Party - KR - formed in December 1992. |
| GRUNK | Gouvernement Royal d'Union Nationale du Kampuchéa or Royal Government of National Union of Kampuchea. Government-in-exile formed by Sihanouk after his ouster in 1970. |
| ICP | Indochinese Communist Party; founded by Ho Chi Minh in 1930 and dismantled in 1951 into its component parties, i.e., the Vietnam Workers' Party, the KPRP (q.v.), and the Lao Itsala. * |
| ICRC | International Committee of the Red Cross. |
| ilot | Sub-section of camp section |
| IRC | International Rescue Committee - Medical, Education, Printing programs in Khao I Dang, Site II, Site B. |
| JIM |
Jakarta Informal Meeting (July 1988, February 1989, and February 1990) |
| JOC | Joint Operations Center - Thai - responsible for non-MOI camps, UNBRO and all other camps and border security. |
| JRS | Jesuit Refugee Service. |
| JSRC | Japan Sotho Relief Committee - printing program in Khao I Dang. |
| JVA | Joint Voluntary Agency. |
| KCP | Kampuchean (or Khmer) Communist Party. Formerly called the WPK; renamed in 1966. The CPK dominated the Khmer Republic resisting forces from 1970 to 1975 and ruled Cambodia from 1975 to 1978. Succeeded by the KPRP. * |
| Khmer Serei | Free Khmer. |
| KID | Khao-I-Dang. |
| Khmer Bleu | Blue Khmer - Sihanouk's domestic opponents on the right, whom he so named to distinguish them from his domestic opponents on the left, the Khmer Rouge. |
| Khmer Issarak | Free Khmer - Anti-French, nationalist movement organized with Thai backing in 1945 from elements spanning the political spectrum; within a year split into factions, and by independence all but one of them were incorporated into Sihanouk's political structure. Located in western Cambodia, they were on the wane after 1954. The only dissident group, under Son Ngoc Thanh, they became known as the Khmer Serei, a heterogeneous left-wing guerrilla movement operating in border areas, in the 1970s. * |
| Khmer Krom | Ethnic Vietnamese Khmer. |
| Khmer Republic | Established in 1970 by Lon Nol. * |
| Khmer Rouge | Red Khmer - The name given to the Cambodian communists by Sihanouk in the 1960s. Later (although a misnomer) it was applied to the insurgents of varying ideological backgrounds who opposed the Khmer Republic regime of Lon Nol. Between 1975 and 1978 it denoted the Democratic Kampuchea regime led by the radical Pol Pot faction of the Kampuchean (or Khmer) Communist Party. After being driven from Phnom Penh by Vietnam's invasion of Cambodia in December 1978, the Khmer Rouge went back to guerrilla warfare, and it joined forces with two noncommunist insurgent movements to form the CGDK. Also known as the NADK. * |
| Khmer Rumdo | Liberation Khmer - Sihanoukists; pro-Sihanouk Cambodians recruited from the country's eastern provinces, trained and armed by Hanoi. * |
| Khmer Serei | An anti-Sihanouk group under Son Ngoc Thanh's leadership emanating from the anti-French resistance movement called the Khmer Issarak, located in southeastern Cambodia; in armed opposition to the Sihanouk regime from 1959 on, but dissolved itself shortly after the deposition of Sihanouk in March 1970. Right wing, antimonarchical nationalists. * |
| Khmer Viet Minh | Cambodian communists; the 3,000 to 5,000 Cambodian communist cadres who had repatriated to North Vietnam after the Geneva Conference; derogatory term used by Sihanouk to refer to Cambodian leftists organizing pro-independence agitation in alliance with the Vietnamese. * |
| KNUFNS | Kampuchean (or Khmer) National United Front for National Salvation; also known as the Kampuchean United Front for National Salvation and the Salvation Front. It was founded in 1978 by anti-Khmer Rouge Cambodians in Vietnam as an alternative to the Pol Pot regime, as a Cambodian structure to help legitimize the Vietnamese invasion and the ouster of Democratic Kampuchea. As the first incarnation of what has remained the main political organization in the PRK besides the KPRP, the front had numerous noncommunists, including Buddhist clergy, in its leadership, although it was largely controlled by communists. Name changed in 1981 to KUFNCD. * |
| KP | KPNLF (abbreviated). |
| KR | Khmer Rouge. |
| KPNLAF | Khmer People's National Liberation Armed Forces, also known as the Khmer People's National Liberation Army (not to be confused with the Khmer People's Liberation Army, the opposition forces organized by the Vietnamese Viet Minh at the end of World War II). Military component of KPNLF, formed in March 1979 under Son Sann. * |
| KPNLF | Khmer Peoples National Liberation Front. From Lon Nol regime. |
| KPNLP | Khmer Peoples National Liberation Party - became the BDLP. |
| KPRAF | Kampuchean People’s Revolutionary Armed Forces (PRK) renamed CPAF Oct. 23, 1989. |
| KPRC | Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Council (PRK). |
| KPRP | Kampuchean (or Khmer) People's Revolutionary Party. The original party was founded in September 1951, when the ICP dissolved into three national parties (the leadership and policies of which were aligned with the Vietnamese communist movement). The name of the party was changed to the WPK in 1960 and then to the KCP in 1966. Today this designation applies to the communist party that functions in the PRK In one sense it is a new organization; in another sense it is the continuation of the communist parties that preceded it. The date of its founding is uncertain, although the First Party Congress held publicly was convened in May 1981; the party may have come into existence after mid-1978. * |
| KUFNCD | Kampuchean (or Khmer) United Front for National Construction and Defense. Umbrella organization of the KPRP. (Formerly KNUFNS). * |
| LDPKUFNCD | Liberal Democratic Party, founded by Gen. Sak before the UNTAC elections. |
| LMAP | Land Mine Awareness Program (IRC). |
| Mak Mun | Faction? |
| MOI | Ministry of Interior (Thai). |
| MOULINAKA | Mouvement pour la Libération Nationale du Kampuchéa, or Movement for the National Liberation of Kampuchea; a pro- Sihanouk group formed in August 1979 by Kong Sileah after he broke ranks with General Dien Del; military organization based among the civilian camps on the Cambodian-Thai border. * |
| MSF | Medicines Sans Frontiers / Doctors Without Borders. |
| NADK | National Army of Democratic Kampuchea. The successor to the RAK (name change effective December 1979), as the armed forces of the Khmer Rouge. * |
| NCR | Non-Communist Resistance (KPNLF & FUNCINPEC). |
| NGO | Non-Governmental Organisation. |
| NSA | National Sihanoukist Army (ANS). |
| OC | Operations Center (Thai) (OC/ MOI). |
| Pailin | Gem and lumber center at the end of highway 10, south of Battambang. A KR stronghold. |
| Para | Cambodian soldiers (slang) |
| PAVN | People's Army of Vietnam. |
| PDFGNUK | Patriotic and Democratic Front of the Great National Union of Kampuchea. A mass organization established by the exiled KCP in September 1979 and headed by Khieu Sampan with the aim of ousting the Vietnamese from Cambodia. * |
| PDK | Party of Democratic Kampuchea. New name given to the communist party in Cambodia in December 1981, when the party dissolved itself. |
| PGNUNSC | Provisional Government of National Union and National Salvation of Cambodia - KR formed July 10, 1994. |
| PICC |
Paris International Conference on Cambodia (August 1989 and October 1991) |
| PNGC | Provisional National Government of Cambodia - following UNTAC elections. |
| Poipet | Cambodian border crossing point and trading town opposite Aranyaprathet. |
| PRCK | People's Revolutionary Council of Kampuchea. |
| PRK | People's Republic of Kampuchea, Hun Sen or the Heng Samrin regime, installed by Vietnam Jan. 11, 1979. (KPRC) |
| PRYUK | People's Revolutionary Youth Union of Kampuchea. Mass organization for young people that was less elitist than the communist party. * |
| RAK | Revolutionary Army of Kampuchea. Founded by Pol Pot in 1968, this force was renamed the Cambodian People's National Liberation Armed Forces (CPNLAF) in the early 1970s. Also known as the People's National Liberation Armed Forces of Kampuchea (PNLAFK). In 1979 it became the NADK. * |
| RCAF | Royal Cambodian Armed Forces - post UNTAC. |
| RPG | Rocket Propelled Grenade. |
| SAWS |
Seventh-day Adventist World Services - NGO on the border, worked in KID and inside Cambodia providing medical services - general hospital ward ADRA (Adventist Disaster Relief Services) |
| SC | Supreme Command (Thai) (JOC /SC) - responsible for UNBRO camps. |
| SNC | Supreme National Council - negotiating group for Paris agreement and Khmer governing body during UNTAC mandate. "The unique legitimate body and source of authority in which, throughout the transitional period, the sovereignty, independence and unity of Cambodia are enshrined". SNC, which was made up of the four Cambodian factions, delegated to the United Nations "all powers necessary" to ensure the implementation of the Agreements. |
| SOC | State of Cambodia, from PRK on April 30, 1989. |
| SPK | PRK / SOC news agency. |
| Tapraya | Town north of Aranyaprathet, crossing point to KPNLF liberated zone. |
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TF80
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Task Force 80 - Para-military unit involved in border security - March 1980. DPPU beacame responsible for Khmer border camps in 1988. Not military so it was not included in treaty troop limits on borders. |
| Thmar Pouk | Main village in KP liberated zone supported by USAID. This area was also freely used by the KR. |
| TMAC | Thai Mine Action Center. |
| TMC | Traditional Medicine Clinic. |
| UNAMIC | United Nations Advance Mission In Cambodia. |
| UNBRO | United Nations Border Relief Operation - January 1982. |
| UNDP | United Nations Development Program - over seeing agency for both UNBRO and CARERE. |
| UNHCR | United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. |
| Unit 838 | Covert Thai military unit established to coordinate and work with the Khmer resistance forces on the border. |
| UNMLT | United Nations Military Liaison Team. 6 month mandate to monitor the security situation in Cambodia, expired May 15, 1994. |
| UNTAC | United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia. |
| Volag | Voluntary Agency. |
| WFP | World Food Program. |
| YWAM | Youth With A Mission, providing agricultural and educational services at Khao I Dang and medical services at Site 2. |
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*Taken from Library of Congress Appendix B -- Cambodia Major Political and Military Organizations |
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Last modified: 10/02/14
All photos by Richard Rowat unless otherwise specified